Theoretical foundations for constructing the system of characteristics of a logistics enterprise

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical generalization and conceptualization of approaches to constructing a system of characteristics of a logistics enterprise within the context of current economic transformations. The aim of the study is to develop theoretical foundations for forming a multi-level, structural-functional model of a logistics enterprise, taking into account new challenges - particularly those related to the impact of war, disruption of supply chains, and the urgent need to establish resilient and adaptive economic structures. The methodological framework is based on systemic, process-oriented, functional, institutional, and risk-based approaches, which make it possible to capture the multidimensional nature of logistics activity. As a result, three hierarchical levels of enterprise characteristics are distinguished - basic, operational, and adaptive-innovative - each reflecting a specific range of functions and capacities for self-development. A typology of effectiveness evaluation criteria is proposed, incorporating not only traditional operational and financial metrics but also social, institutional, and innovation-related indicators. These results allow logistics enterprises to be viewed not merely as actors of production and commercial activity, but as essential components of national economic security and infrastructural resilience. The article provides a scientific foundation for the development of applied management models for logistics structures under conditions of uncertainty and post-conflict recovery, particularly in the framework of national logistics policy strategies. The presented provisions possess both theoretical novelty and practical significance in shaping a new architecture of Ukraine’s logistics systems during a period of transformative renewal.