Main problems of ensuring the safe development of the natural gas market in the conditions of European integration processes

Abstract

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the main problems and threats to ensuring the safe development of the natural gas market in Ukraine in the context of European integration processes. The object of the study is the domestic natural gas market, and the subject is the mechanisms of its safe functioning and development. An analysis of available sources shows that the safe development of the Ukrainian natural gas market is determined by the interaction of regulatory, competitive, innovative, technical and financial factors. All the studies considered agree in the conclusion about the need to strengthen regulatory clarity, diversify sources and introduce modern technologies to minimize internal and external risks. The main parameters of the “safe development” of the natural gas market in Ukraine are determined. The current state of the gas sector is characterized, the relevance of its analysis against the background of European integration processes and a full-scale war is substantiated. It is established that military operations in 2022–2024. led to a decrease in demand for gas by almost a third and the destruction of a significant part of the gas transportation infrastructure, which turned the issue of diversification and modernization into an urgent one. Four main problems of the safe development of the industry are highlighted: physical wear and tear of networks, energy dependence on imports, imperfection of regulatory reforms and economic imbalances. Four groups of threats are characterized: military attacks on gas infrastructure facilities, cyberattacks and sabotage, economic shocks to world markets and extreme natural phenomena. It is proven that achieving energy security requires a comprehensive approach - accelerated integration with the European market, development of our own production base, protection of critical facilities and reforms in the field of tariff formation. It is established that a successful combination of these measures will contribute to ensuring a stable, safe and competitive gas market.