Economic justification of business process outsourcing for optimizing operating profitability

Abstract

Increasing competition, the digitalization of the economy, and the growing complexity of business processes lead to a more active use of business process outsourcing as a tool for optimizing cost structures and improving the operational efficiency of enterprises by transferring certain functions to external service providers and concentrating resources on core activities.

The purpose of the study is to assess the economic effect of using outsourcing models in the organization of business processes and to determine their impact on the operating profitability of enterprises across different types of economic activity. The research applies methods of economic and statistical analysis, comparative and structural cost analysis, as well as calculation approaches for assessing the intensity of the use of external services.

The results of the study analyze the dynamics of the business process outsourcing market, identify the main factors of its spread and areas of application. Based on statistical data, an analysis of the structure of enterprises' expenses, the volume of purchases of external goods and services, and indicators of operating profitability by type of economic activity was carried out. The share of external service costs in enterprise profits was calculated as an indicator of the intensity of outsourcing. The results of the analysis confirm that in most sectors of the economy, a significant share of enterprise costs is accounted for by the purchase of external goods and services. This reflects the active introduction of outsourcing models into the organizational activities of economic entities. The highest level of such expenses is characteristic of trade and industry. At the same time, in the fields of information and telecommunications, transport, logistics, and professional activities, specialized service solutions play a decisive role.

The conclusions indicate that industries with more developed service models for organizing business processes generally demonstrate a higher level of operational efficiency. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the results obtained to justify management decisions on optimizing the cost structure and determining the feasibility of applying outsourcing models in the activities of enterprises.