Energy security as a factor in the sustainability of Ukrainian metallurgy

Abstract

The article addresses the issue of energy security in Ukraine's metallurgical industry as a crucial factor in ensuring its sustainable development. The current state of the sector’s energy dependence is analyzed, and indicators of energy consumption based on nominal production capacity and the total annual energy intensity of major Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises are identified. Key risks related to the instability of energy resource supplies, aging infrastructure, and the impact of geopolitical and military factors are revealed. As a result of the analysis, it has been established that the key components of the sector’s energy security include production energy intensity, volumes of domestic electricity generation, electricity imports, the national electricity tariff, and the average global price level.

To assess the energy security of the sector, a methodology for calculating the Energy Balance Security (EBS) coefficient is proposed, incorporating these components. Based on the formula, both nominal and actual indicators are calculated to reflect the potential and actual capacity of the sector to meet its electricity needs under conditions of domestic generation, electricity costs, and import dependence. The proposed methodology serves as a tool for quantitatively measuring the resilience of the sector's energy supply, applicable for both strategic planning and global benchmarking. Special attention is given to the potential for implementing energy-efficient technologies, alternative energy sources, and transitioning to a more autonomous and stable energy system within metallurgical production. It is emphasized that strengthening energy resilience is a key prerequisite for the modernization of the sector and its alignment with the principles of sustainable development amid ongoing crises.