Organizational and economic mechanisms of enterprise integration into national and European innovation ecosystems

Abstract

The article presents the theoretical and practical foundations for developing organizational and economic mechanisms for integrating enterprises into national and European innovation ecosystems. The purpose of the article is to provide a theoretical justification and practical clarification of organizational and economic mechanisms for enterprise integration into national and European innovation ecosystems, considering the current challenges of a transforming economy, digitalization, and inter-institutional interaction. It emphasizes the relevance of this process in the context of globalization, European integration, and post-war economic recovery in Ukraine. Innovation ecosystems are viewed as complex, multi-level structures that include business, science, education, governance, and civil society, united by principles of synergy, trust, and shared values. The authors systematize four major scientific approaches to defining the concept of “organizational and economic mechanism”: (1) the economic-mathematical approach, where priority is given to the economic aspect; (2) the systemic approach, in which the mechanism is considered as a system of interrelated components; (3) the elemental approach, which views the mechanism as a set of interacting elements (subjects, tools, incentives); and (4) the process-based approach, which focuses on managerial actions to achieve goals. A structural model of the mechanism is proposed, encompassing institutional frameworks, financial tools (grants, venture capital, tax incentives), education and research integration, innovation clusters, analytical support systems, and technology transfer instruments. These elements form a synergistic environment that enhances enterprise access to innovation resources, knowledge, and partnerships at the EU level. The article argues that successful integration contributes to closing the technological gap with the EU, fosters digital transformation, improves competitiveness, and stimulates sustainable economic growth. It also ensures alignment with European standards and strengthens Ukraine’s participation in programs like Horizon Europe and the European Research Area (ERA). The proposed mechanism offers strategic guidance for enhancing innovation capacity and ensuring technological sovereignty.